What is Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease?

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Dementia is a general term used to describe a decline in memory, thinking, and everyday functioning that is significant enough to affect daily life. It isn’t one single condition—rather, it can be caused by many different diseases or changes in the brain. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia, and it develops when brain cells are gradually damaged over time, leading to difficulties with learning, memory, and eventually communication and daily tasks. Early signs often include forgetting recent events or conversations, while later stages may involve confusion, changes in behavior, and challenges with movement or swallowing. Although dementia becomes more common with age, it is not a normal part of aging, and it can also appear in younger adults. Understanding these conditions helps families recognize early changes, seek support, and plan for care that maintains dignity and quality of life.